


Today marks our eighth day in Costa Rica. We took a trip to the dairy farm on the Earth campus where we observed the inner workings of their sustainability processes. After splitting up in groups, we got to see three sections of the farm. At one of the sections we got a chance to see pigs. We got to see how they raised the pigs from infants to adults in different pens. The pigs diet consisted of bananas and sugar cane, along with other leftovers from the cafeteria on the campus. They are participants in a sustainable process; their waste doesn't go to waste! The pig manure is used in two separate but vital processes of the farm, the first of which is energy converted by the use of a biodigestive system. The second process was to use the solid waste as fertilizer for the farm. The compost is synthesized by California Red Worms, and then used in the fields for multiple crops. The third process we observed was the milking of cows, in which a calf and the machine would receive milk simultaneously. The cows are only milked once a day, which is better for the cows, and more cost efficient for the farmers. The cows' waste was also used in the biodigestive system.
After the dairy farm we got a chance to learn about the banana farms on the Earth University campus. We learned that you can only grow one bunch of bananas, which is about 70 lbs., per plant. The plants were so large they appeared to be trees. The trees hold a lot of water inside and grow very quickly. From day one to harvesting, it takes about nine months to grow the bananas. The bananas are surrounded by recyclable bags which protect them from unwanted fungus and insects. Technically, the bananas are not considered organic, but only one pesticide is used to prevent one disease that would devastate the entire population. The university is currently in the process of developing an organic pesticide for the bananas. There is a single banana that grows slightly bellow the rest of the bananas on the bunch. This banana is used a precautionary measure for diseases. If there was to be some sort of infestation that banana would show signs first and the farmers could react accordingly without sacrificing the bunch. Once the bananas are ready to be exported they remove the bunches, cut down the tree so a new tree can grow in it's place, and attach the bananas to a motorized track that carry the bananas to the processing plant. The track carries 90 to 100 bunches of bananas at a time. At the plant the bananas are sprayed with chlorine and water to clean the plant and remove bugs. Next they are carried down the track to workers who cut them into more manageable sizes, thrown into water with a current so that they can be sorted for certain markets. Bananas of a certain size and color are sent to America, about 95% of the bananas at the university. Four percent of the bananas are sent to Europe and the remaining 1% are kept for regional markets. The bananas that are unsuitable for the consumers are either used to feed the livestock or sent to Gerber to be processed for baby food.
After lunch we visited the Urban Farm Karibu, which is a student led enterprise. A group of six students from various countries all over the world run the farms. The purpose of these farms is dual, it is both to create a product as well as inform visitors of sustainable methods of farming that they can bring back to their communities. We saw an experiment with three substitute soils; charcoal, rice husks, and coconut fibers. Karibu farmers grew a variety of plants in these soils and the point was that they all could produce the same product but at different levels management. We saw medicinal gardens and sausages which are gardens confined to a hanging plastic bags. All plants need nutrition, sun, water, temperature control, and aeration. We also got a chance to interact in a hands on environment, where we learned about plants that worked as sunscreen, bug repellent, pigment, made sour foods taste sweet, and soothed inflamed skin. We helped with weeding, raking, weaving palms, and planted chilies.
To end the day we got the chance to talk to Professor Mario Piedra, who spoke about capital and the three pillars of sustainability: environmental, economic, and social. This helped in the context of our upcoming home stays. He advised us to be aware of everything we were experiencing including roads, water availability, dreams of the families', and types of crops. This will be our last blog post for the next three days while we are staying with the families.
-Fuego Watch Group